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Compare Ashmore and Cartier Islands (2002) - Trinidad and Tobago (2004)

Compare Ashmore and Cartier Islands (2002) z Trinidad and Tobago (2004)

 Ashmore and Cartier Islands (2002)Trinidad and Tobago (2004)
 Ashmore and Cartier IslandsTrinidad and Tobago
Administrative divisions - 9 regional corporations, 2 city corporations, 3 borough corporations, and 1 ward

regional corporations: Couva/Tabaquite/Talparo, Diego Martin, Mayaro/Rio Claro, Penal/Debe, Princes Town, Sangre Grande, San Juan/Laventille, Siparia, Tunapuna/Piarco

city corporations: Port of Spain, San Fernando;

borough corporations: Arima, Point Fortin, Chaguanas

ward: Tobago
Age structure - 0-14 years: 21.4% (male 120,153; female 114,205)


15-64 years: 70.6% (male 403,202; female 370,498)


65 years and over: 8.1% (male 39,762; female 48,765) (2004 est.)
Agriculture - products - cocoa, sugarcane, rice, citrus, coffee, vegetables; poultry
Airports - 6 (2003 est.)
Airports - with paved runways - total: 3


over 3,047 m: 1


2,438 to 3,047 m: 1


1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 (2004 est.)
Airports - with unpaved runways - total: 3


914 to 1,523 m: 1


under 914 m: 2 (2004 est.)
Area total: 5 sq km


land: 5 sq km


water: 0 sq km


note: includes Ashmore Reef (West, Middle, and East Islets) and Cartier Island		 total: 5,128 sq km


land: 5,128 sq km


water: 0 sq km
Area - comparative about eight times the size of The Mall in Washington, DC slightly smaller than Delaware
Background These uninhabited islands came under Australian authority in 1931; formal administration began two years later. Ashmore Reef supports a rich and diverse avian and marine habitat; in 1983 it became a National Nature Reserve. Cartier Island, a former bombing range, is now a marine reserve. The islands came under British control in the 19th century; independence was granted in 1962. The country is one of the most prosperous in the Caribbean thanks largely to petroleum and natural gas production and processing. Tourism, mostly in Tobago, is targeted for expansion and is growing.
Birth rate - 12.75 births/1,000 population (2004 est.)
Budget - revenues: $2.663 billion


expenditures: $2.51 billion, including capital expenditures of $117.3 million (2003)
Capital - Port-of-Spain
Climate tropical tropical; rainy season (June to December)
Coastline 74.1 km 362 km
Constitution - 1 August 1976
Country name conventional long form: Territory of Ashmore and Cartier Islands


conventional short form: Ashmore and Cartier Islands		 conventional long form: Republic of Trinidad and Tobago


conventional short form: Trinidad and Tobago
Currency - Trinidad and Tobago dollar (TTD)
Death rate - 9.02 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)
Debt - external - $2.608 billion (2003 est.)
Dependency status territory of Australia; administered by the Australian Department of Transport and Regional Services -
Diplomatic representation from the US none (territory of Australia) chief of mission: Ambassador Roy L. AUSTIN


embassy: 15 Queen's Park West, Port-of-Spain


mailing address: P. O. Box 752, Port-of-Spain


telephone: [1] (868) 622-6372 through 6376, 622-6176


FAX: [1] (868) 628-5462
Diplomatic representation in the US none (territory of Australia) chief of mission: Ambassador Marina Annette VALERE


chancery: 1708 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20036


telephone: [1] (202) 467-6490


FAX: [1] (202) 785-3130


consulate(s) general: Miami and New York
Disputes - international - Barbados will assert its claim before UNCLOS that the northern limit of Trinidad and Tobago's maritime boundary with Venezuela extends into its waters; Guyana has also expressed its intention to challenge this boundary as it may extend into its waters as well
Economic aid - recipient - $24 million (1999 est.)
Economy - overview no economic activity Trinidad and Tobago, the leading Caribbean producer of oil and gas, has earned a reputation as an excellent investment site for international businesses. Tourism is a growing sector, although not proportionately as important as in many other Caribbean islands. The economy benefits from low inflation and a growing trade surplus. Prospects for growth in 2004 are good as prices for oil, petrochemicals, and liquified natural gas are expected to remain high, and foreign direct investment continues to grow to support expanded capacity in the energy sector. The government is coping with a rise in violent crime.
Electricity - consumption - 4.943 billion kWh (2001)
Electricity - exports - 0 kWh (2001)
Electricity - imports - 0 kWh (2001)
Electricity - production - 5.315 billion kWh (2001)
Elevation extremes lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m


highest point: unnamed location 3 m		 lowest point: Caribbean Sea 0 m


highest point: El Cerro del Aripo 940 m
Environment - current issues NA water pollution from agricultural chemicals, industrial wastes, and raw sewage; oil pollution of beaches; deforestation; soil erosion
Environment - international agreements - party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Life Conservation, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 83, Tropical Timber 94, Wetlands


signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
Ethnic groups - East Indian (a local term - primarily immigrants from northern India) 40.3%, black 39.5%, mixed 18.4%, white 0.6%, Chinese and other 1.2%
Exchange rates - Trinidad and Tobago dollars per US dollar - 6.2929 (2003), 6.2487 (2002), 6.2332 (2001), 6.2998 (2000), 6.2989 (1999)
Executive branch - chief of state: President George Maxwell RICHARDS (since 17 March 2003)


head of government: Prime Minister Patrick MANNING (since 24 December 2001)


cabinet: Cabinet appointed from among the members of Parliament


elections: president elected by an electoral college, which consists of the members of the Senate and House of Representatives, for a five-year term; election last held 14 February 2003 (next to be held in 2008); the president usually appoints as prime minister the leader of the majority party in the House of Representatives


election results: George Maxwell RICHARDS elected president; percent of electoral college vote - 43%
Exports - NA (2001)
Exports - commodities - petroleum and petroleum products, chemicals, steel products, fertilizer, sugar, cocoa, coffee, citrus, flowers
Exports - partners - US 63.5%, Jamaica 5.6%, France 3.2% (2003)
Fiscal year - 1 October - 30 September
Flag description the flag of Australia is used red with a white-edged black diagonal band from the upper hoist side to the lower fly side
GDP - purchasing power parity - $10.52 billion (2003 est.)
GDP - composition by sector - agriculture: 2.6%


industry: 49%


services: 48.4% (2003 est.)
GDP - per capita - purchasing power parity - $9,500 (2003 est.)
GDP - real growth rate - 3.7% (2003 est.)
Geographic coordinates 12 14 S, 123 05 E 11 00 N, 61 00 W
Geography - note Ashmore Reef National Nature Reserve established in August 1983 Pitch Lake, on Trinidad's southwestern coast, is the world's largest natural reservoir of asphalt
Highways - total: 8,320 km


paved: 4,252 km


unpaved: 4,068 km (1999 est.)
Household income or consumption by percentage share - lowest 10%: NA


highest 10%: NA
Illicit drugs - transshipment point for South American drugs destined for the US and Europe; producer of cannabis
Imports - NA (2001)
Imports - commodities - machinery, transportation equipment, manufactured goods, food, live animals
Imports - partners - US 31.7%, Venezuela 13.6%, Brazil 7.3%, Germany 6.6%, UK 5.1%, Japan 4.3% (2003)
Independence - 31 August 1962 (from UK)
Industrial production growth rate - 5.7% (2003 est.)
Industries - petroleum, chemicals, tourism, food processing, cement, beverage, cotton textiles
Infant mortality rate - total: 24.64 deaths/1,000 live births


male: 26.58 deaths/1,000 live births


female: 22.61 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) - 3.8% (2003 est.)
International organization participation - ACP, C, Caricom, CDB, FAO, G-24, G-77, IADB, IBRD, ICAO, ICCt, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, ISO, ITU, LAES, MIGA, NAM, OAS, OPANAL, OPCW, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WCL, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO
Irrigated land 0 sq km (1998 est.) 30 sq km (1998 est.)
Judicial branch - Supreme Court of Judicature (comprised of the High Court of Justice and the Court of Appeals; the chief justice is appointed by the president after consultation with the prime minister and the leader of the opposition; other justices are appointed by the president on the advice of the Judicial and Legal Service Commission); High Court of Justice; Court of Appeals; the highest court of appeal is the Privy Council in London
Labor force - 590,000 (2003)
Labor force - by occupation - agriculture 9.5%, manufacturing, mining, and quarrying 14%, construction and utilities 12.4%, services 64.1% (1997 est.)
Land boundaries 0 km 0 km
Land use arable land: 0%


permanent crops: 0%


other: 100% (all grass and sand) (1998 est.)		 arable land: 14.62%


permanent crops: 9.16%


other: 76.22% (2001)
Languages - English (official), Hindi, French, Spanish, Chinese
Legal system the laws of the Commonwealth of Australia and the laws of the Northern Territory of Australia, where applicable, apply based on English common law; judicial review of legislative acts in the Supreme Court; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction
Legislative branch - bicameral Parliament consists of the Senate (31 seats; 16 members appointed by the ruling party, 9 by the President, 6 by the opposition party for a maximum term of five years) and the House of Representatives (36 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms)


elections: House of Representatives - last held 7 October 2002 (next to be held by October 2007)


election results: House of Representatives - percent of vote - PNM 55.5%, UNC 44.5%; seats by party - PNM 20, UNC 16


note: Tobago has a unicameral House of Assembly with 12 members serving four-year terms
Life expectancy at birth - total population: 69.28 years


male: 66.86 years


female: 71.82 years (2004 est.)
Literacy - definition: age 15 and over can read and write


total population: 98.6%


male: 99.1%


female: 98% (2003 est.)
Location Southeastern Asia, islands in the Indian Ocean, northwest of Australia Caribbean, islands between the Caribbean Sea and the North Atlantic Ocean, northeast of Venezuela
Map references Southeast Asia Central America and the Caribbean
Maritime claims contiguous zone: 12 NM


continental shelf: 200-m depth or to the depth of exploitation


exclusive fishing zone: 200 NM


territorial sea: 12 NM		 measured from claimed archipelagic baselines


territorial sea: 12 nm


contiguous zone: 24 nm


exclusive economic zone: 200 nm


continental shelf: 200 nm or to the outer edge of the continental margin
Merchant marine - total: 5 ships (1,000 GRT or over) 7,178 GRT/3,633 DWT


by type: cargo 1, passenger 1, passenger/cargo 1, petroleum tanker 1, short-sea/passenger 1


foreign-owned: United States 1


registered in other countries: 4 (2004 est.)
Military - note defense is the responsibility of Australia; periodic visits by the Royal Australian Navy and Royal Australian Air Force -
Military branches - Trinidad and Tobago Defense Force: Ground Force, Coast Guard, and Air Wing
Military expenditures - dollar figure - $66.7 million (2003)
Military expenditures - percent of GDP - 0.6% (2003)
Military manpower - availability - males age 15-49: 326,447 (2004 est.)
Military manpower - fit for military service - males age 15-49: 232,234 (2004 est.)
National holiday - Independence Day, 31 August (1962)
Nationality - noun: Trinidadian(s), Tobagonian(s)


adjective: Trinidadian, Tobagonian
Natural hazards surrounded by shoals and reefs that can pose maritime hazards outside usual path of hurricanes and other tropical storms
Natural resources fish petroleum, natural gas, asphalt
Net migration rate - -10.83 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2004 est.)
People - note the landing of illegal immigrants from Indonesia's Rote Island has become an ongoing problem -
Pipelines - condensate 253 km; gas 1,117 km; oil 478 km (2004)
Political parties and leaders - National Alliance for Reconstruction or NAR [Lennox SANKERSINGH]; People's National Movement or PNM [Patrick MANNING]; Team Unity or TU [Ramesh MAHARAJ]; United National Congress or UNC [Basdeo PANDAY]; Democratic Action Committee or DAC [Hochoy CHARLES], note - only active in Tobago
Political pressure groups and leaders - Jamaat-al Muslimeen [Yasin BAKR]
Population no indigenous inhabitants


note: Indonesian fishermen are allowed access to the lagoon and fresh waster at Ashmore Reef's West Island		 1,096,585 (July 2004 est.)
Population below poverty line - 21% (1992 est.)
Population growth rate - -0.71% (2004 est.)
Ports and harbors none; offshore anchorage only Pointe-a-Pierre, Point Fortin, Point Lisas, Port-of-Spain, Scarborough, Tembladora
Radio broadcast stations - AM 4, FM 18, shortwave 0 (2004)
Religions - Roman Catholic 29.4%, Hindu 23.8%, Anglican 10.9%, Muslim 5.8%, Presbyterian 3.4%, other 26.7%
Sex ratio - at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 1.05 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 1.09 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 0.82 male(s)/female


total population: 1.06 male(s)/female (2004 est.)
Suffrage - 18 years of age; universal
Telephone system - general assessment: excellent international service; good local service


domestic: NA


international: country code - 1-868; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean); tropospheric scatter to Barbados and Guyana
Telephones - main lines in use - 325,100 (2002)
Telephones - mobile cellular - 361,900 (2002)
Television broadcast stations - 4 (2004)
Terrain low with sand and coral mostly plains with some hills and low mountains
Total fertility rate - 1.77 children born/woman (2004 est.)
Unemployment rate - 10.4% (2003)
Waterways none -
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